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Study of Soil Pollution with Heavy Metals due to Leakage of Petroleum Hydrocarbons at Kermanshah Refinery

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

  • Ramin Sarikhani 1

  • Artimes Ghassemi Dehnavi 1

  • Ali Moradpour 2

  • Zeinab Ahmadnejad 3

  1. 1 Department of Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
  2. 2 PhD Scholar, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization
  3. 3 PhD Scholar of Geology, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

In recent decades, soil pollution with petroleum hydrocarbons in oil-rich countries (such as Iran) has been one of the most challenging issues. In these countries with petroleum industries, mines of oil exploration, refineries, etc., leakage from tanks or pipelines of oil transmission due to corrosion and damage bring about oil pollution for the soil. This study aimed at evaluating and measuring the amount of heavy metals in the soil of Kermanshah Refinery and statistical analysis in order to locate high-risk areas in terms of pollution caused by oil leaks, extraction, refining, and transportation. Therefore; 15 samples of surrounded soil of Kermanshah Refinery were analyzed to determine soil pollution with petroleum compounds. According to results of ICP-MS analysis of soil samples, the process of heavy metal changes in the soil of Kermanshah Refinery was Cr>Zn>Ni>V>Cu>Pb>Co>Sc>As>Cd. Geo accumulation index indicated that the intensity of the refinery soil is classified in the range of no pollution to average with reference to chromium and nickel. Besides, the finding from enrichment factor indicated the average enrichment of the region soil by chromium and lead. Moreover, it confirmed that enrichment in lead and copper has anthropogenic origin. Pollution load index of chromium, nickel, zinc, copper, and lead showed soil pollution to these metals. Zoning map of heavy metal density in the region soil demonstrates that high density of the elements in some stations is related to the petroleum leakage from installations and storage tank.

Keywords

Subjects

 Environmental Health

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Environment and Water Engineering

Volume 3, Issue 2
March 2017

Pages 157 - 169

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History
  • Receive Date: 09 October 2016
  • Revise Date: 27 April 2017
  • Accept Date: 18 May 2017
  • Publish Date: 22 June 2017
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