Sesame-residue biochar as a sorbent for salinity ions: capacity, isotherm, and kinetics
Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
- 1 Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
- 2 Assoc. Professor, Department of Water Sciences and Engineering, Collage of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
- 3 PhD of Water Sciences and Engineering, Planning, Yazd Regional Water Company, Yazd, Iran
Abstract
Water scarcity is a reality in arid and semi-arid regions, leading to competition for limited water resources among agricultural, domestic, and industrial needs. In this study, sesame seed residue (Sr) adsorbents and biochar produced at 400 (B1), 500 (B2), and 600 °C (B3) were used to remove salt ions from agricultural saline wastewater. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory were used to determine the different properties of the adsorbents. Four adsorbent treatments were batch tested at salinity levels of 5, 10, 20, and 35 dS/m in three replicates. Ion concentrations of Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-, and HCO3-, and primary and secondary EC before and after adsorption were measured. Various parameters, such as contact time, initial concentration of salt ions in the water, and isotherm and adsorption kinetics, were investigated. The results showed that in the four salinity levels of 5, 10, 20, and 35 dS/m, the maximum value of solute adsorption was 24.4, 57.0, 139.9, and 308.6 mg/g for adsorbent B3, respectively. The largest and smallest decreases in saline water EC occurred for B3 and Sr at salinity levels of 35 and 5 dS/m, respectively, which reduced the water salinity by approximately 31 and 3%, respectively. While low-cost adsorbents derived from agricultural waste are capable of adsorbing salt or removing contaminants from aquatic environments, they also have limitations that have led to ongoing research.
Keywords
Subjects
Water Pollution
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